In the 1920s, he met Hitler. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2005. , New York, Columbia University Press, 1981. , Stuttgart, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1960. , London, Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1962. , Munich, Franz Eher Verlag, Zentralverlag der NSDAP, 1926. , Wien, Zrich, New York, Europa Verlag, 1940. 2 19 20 . Meuchelmrderisch hatte sich der asiatische und afrikanische Knecht bis zum Thron des rmischen Imperiums hinaufgeschlichen, inzwischen der syrische Bastard sich des Gesetzeswerkes bemchtigte, der Jude die Bibliothek zu Alexandria benutzte, um hellenische Philosophie dem mosaischen Gesetze anzupassen (). Hitler also held a view that Aryans had developed an ancient civilization . Greek and Roman antiquity play an essential part in his argumentation. Immediately download the Houston Stewart Chamberlain summary, chapter-by-chapter analysis, book notes, essays, quotes, character descriptions, lesson plans, and more - everything you need for studying or teaching Houston Stewart Chamberlain. This is one of the better clichs of the German historiography of the second half of the 19. century: only the Nordic king, Alexander of Macedonia, managed to unify Greece and put an end to endless campaigns by creating an Empire, like King Wilhelm of Prussia who succeeded in 1871 in unifying the different German tribes and states into a mighty Empire. Chamberlain chose to revisit this holy triangle through the vlkisch perspective. Houston Stewart Chamberlain. Jahrhunderts wurde ein Weltbestseller. Despite his English birth and family, his early indifference toward England and all things English developed into a lifelong hatred. They settled down in Greece and Rome, enjoying the benefits of cultural photosynthesis, thanks to the sun and mild climate of the Mediterranean. Like Hegel, Chamberlain praised the Greeks for inventing freedom and the key notion of personality: Over there, in Asia, in the East, no man had ever been a person. 11 Gibt es unter den Rmern ein einziges wahres Dichtergenie? In Chamberlains work, the past is a warning for the present. Historians must therefore make the effort to understand that, for Chamberlain's coevals, his book was important in that it provided an answer, at the time, to important questions and, to a larger extent, tried to give a meaning to history. The fanatic wants to overwhelm people with words, you wish to convince, only to convince themand that is why you are successful. In the eyes of God all men, indeed all creatures, may be equal: but the divine law of the individual is to maintain and to defend his individuality. Bust of Houston Stewart Chamberlain.jpg 456 722; 99 KB. His writing promoted German ethnonationalism, antisemitism, and scientific racism; and he has been described as a "racialist writer". She married Siegfried, Richard Wagners only son, and was considered the only true custodian and bailiff in Bayreuth after Siegfrieds death, as well as a sort of muse for Adolf Hitler, whom she greatly admired. The idea of physical race unity and rice purity, which is the very essence of Judaism, signify the recognition of a fundamental physiological fact of life; wherever we observe life from the hyphomycetes to the noble horse we see the importance of "race"; judaism made this law of nature sacred. The edict of Caracalla in 212 was the beginning of the end: the Romans were to die of a slow death, all victims of this blood disease, after having mixed their blood with Arabs, Africans and Jews. (Houston Stewart Chamberlain, 1855 9 9 ~ 1927 1 9 ) , , . The Jews of Semitic Carthage were defeated because the Romans (or Germans) were the best at fighting and winning. 8What is interesting, however, is the following statement: according to Chamberlain, the Romans and the Greeks, the founding fathers of our European civilization, were indeed Germans. houston stewart chamberlain, the importance of race summary. Among them were Houston Stewart Chamberlain and many members of what historians later called the Bayreuther Kreis, an informal circle of members and friends of the Wagner family, including Cosima Wagner, the wife of the Master, and Ludwig Schemann. Jahrhunderts, Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2005. , Hamburg, Albrecht Knaus Verlag, 1980, 496p., p.96. geschrieben hat, ist gelinde gesagt dumm, Hitler quoted in Rauschning, Hermann. Es gibt eine Gewalt, die aus Chaos stammt und zu Chaos hinfhrt, und es gibt eine Gewalt, deren Wesen es ist, Kosmos zu gestalten. Houston Stewart Chamberlain (September 9, 1855 - January 9, 1927) was a British-born naturalized German natural scientist, and author of popular scientific and political philosophy books (includes those on Richard Wagner, Immanuel Kant and Johann Wolfgang Goethe) as well as proponent of a nationalist and pan-Germanic antisemitism. They were never able to create a unified Hellenic state and, instead, spent centuries launching fratricide wars against each other, only to exhaust the race in endless massacres of the Athenians by the Spartans and vice versa, until it bled to death. Like Hegel, Chamberlain praised the Greeks for inventing freedom and the key notion of personality: Over there, in Asia, in the East, no man had ever been a person. Delenda est Carthago, but this time for gooda word to the wise for people who were sent fighting the new Carthage of Jewish bolshevism on the Eastern front. He published in 1899, in Munich, a very large book entitled the. As they wanted to destroy anything that was not Jewish, they fought against the Greeks. The fanatic inflames the mind, you warm the heart. You stand by us when we are near despair. Lolita : Examining the Underside of the Weave, A digital resources portal for the humanities and social sciences, Catalogue of 609 journals. . But his several tracts written during World War I are interesting in their own right as documents of German nationalist . An analysis of Wagners drama (1892) and a biography (1895) followed. As a tribute to Chamberlain, and in the similar style of his book, Alfred Rosenberg, the chief ideologist of the Nazi party, entitled his own work, , the gospel of Nazism. He spent his winters in Cannes and springs in Florence. He was, for the Germans, the thinker who popularized Gobineaus ideas on the social Darwinists, providing the German bourgeoisie with a sense of its mission: am deutschen wesen soll die welt genesenthe German essence must heal the world. The known world, the oekoumene, reached its apex around the first century A.D., when the Romans, having conquered Greece, managed to combine their chtonian gravitas with the celestial intelligence and inspiration of the Greeks. CHAMBERLAIN, HOUSTON STEWART(1855-1927) Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Anglo-German race theorist and philosophical and historical writer, was born in Southsea, near Portsmouth, England. Samuel Beckett : Drama as philosophical endgame ? Please, do not mention this painstaking compiler, good enough to write mediocre encyclopaedias named Plinius, Chamberlain has nothing but contempt for Plinius, who might have been less of a mediocre, , as he puts it, than he was himself. In his book, we can read that Plato was, by all means, a great philosopher. is a form of prolonged indictment against the Jews, depicted as a race full of hatred, longing for might and vengeance. This is summed up by Chamberlain who, contrary to Hegel who wrote Ex oriente lux, pretends that Ex septentrione lux: the beacon of civilization lies in the north with the white Germanic race. If the Greeks were philosophers, the Romans were lawyers. For todays readers, it is nothing more than a flood of words and phrases, an accumulation of commonplaces, false ideas and lies without any firm structure or real coherence. Ludwig Schemann exerted a great intellectual influence on the other members of the Wagner circle, popularizing what people started to call the Vlkisch ideology3: to fight against the (revolutionary) French idea of Nation based on the (false) assumption of equality. how quickly does holly grow. Chamberlain devotes some 500 pagesnearly half the bookto that period, providing his reader with ample material on Rome, Greece and the Jews as well as on another sacrosanct trinity: Athens, Rome and Jerusalem. . The Germanic Vision of Houston Stewart Chamberlain, New York, Columbia University Press, 1981, 565p. 5 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, Munich, Bruckmann, 1899, 1031p. (2 volumes). Jetzt glaube ich einzusehen, da dies grade Ihr Wesen bezeichnet und sozusagen umschliet: der wahre Erwecker ist zugleich Spender der Ruhe. especially since Houston Stewart Chamberlain, a forerunner of Nazi racial ideology, embraced it. 12/02/2021 . It is no wonder that an Englishman like Chamberlain became part of the Wagner Circle for Britons were considered to be members of the Aryan race like any other German(ic) man. ), British-born Germanophile political philosopher, whose advocacy of the racial and cultural superiority of the so-called Aryan element in European culture influenced pan-German and German nationalist thought, particularly Adolf Hitlers National Socialist movement. Before praising the Romans for being good lawyers, he blames them for their lack of creativity: Can you find one single poetic genius among the Romans? More importantly, they would prevent any further decadence and avoid mixing with inferior races, like the Jews or other crossbreds. Regrettably, a number of Chamberlain's most important works are still accessible only to those who know German, the language in which he did Being a Nazi in 1926 was just not the same than being a Nazi in 1938, 1942 or 1944. El este descris n Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ca "scriitor rasialist". The German Christian Movement in the Third Reich. Christianity is, for the author, a pillar of European culture. Ein Beitrag zur historischen Methodenkritik, in Archiv fr Kulturgeschichte, 64, 1972, pp. Beck, 1999, 534p. NF, Beat, Von Perikles zu Hitler? Houston Stewart Chamberlain, "Kant: Excursus on the 'Thing in Itself,'" Immanuel Kant: A Study and a Comparison with Goethe, Leonardo da Vinci, Bruno, Plato and Descartes, vol. . Chamberlain married the composer's daughter some years after Wagner's death. 20 Bergen, Doris L., Twisted Cross. copies. Farewell! What then could possibly have happened? foil letter balloons near me; wimbledon medical timeout. He holds my hand and won't let me go. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He could have been a typical character from A Room with a View; he who could not embrace the military career his father had ambitioned for him and went on travelling instead. While the Greeks had given Europe a soul, the Romans were busy shaping the body: the Imperium, the jus romanum, the legions. Hitler saw in Christianity a lethal plague that had affected Europe because of the Jews who made Christians out of Germans to weaken them. () Where are the roman scientists? Nineteenth century racist thinkers, such as Houston Stewart Chamberlain and Guido von List as well as racist politicians like Georg von Schnerer exerted a significant influence on many in the generation of Adolf Hitler. After France, Italy, Belgium, he ended up in Vienna, then in Geneva, where he earned a Bachelors degree in Science. They then left testimonies of their genius in immaculate and pristine temples that were currently used, in the 19. century, to demonstrate the superiority of white mankind. The early Parteigenossen of the 1920s or the people who cast their ballot for the NSDAP in the 1930s did not want the annihilation of Poland or the Holocaust. Farewell! Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1996. Die athenische Demokratie und die deutsche Althistorie bis 1945, Peter Lang, Bern, New York, 1986, 332p. 9 Decultot, Elisabeth, Johann Joachim Winckelmann. houston stewart chamberlain, the importance of race summary. The Romans, of course, were the best, but they did not protect themselves; they did not protect the excellence of their blood. As they wanted to destroy anything that was not Jewish, they fought against the Greeks. The German Christian Movement in the Third Reich. And Chamberlain would not be the last to perform such a tour de force. Published in 1853-55, his Essay on the Inequality of Human Races was widely read, embellished, and publicized by many different kinds of writers. He became ill but was reinvigorated by a visit Adolf Hitler paid him in 1923. Says the author, Chika Onyeani, "We are a conquered race and it is utterly foolish for . Der Fanatiker erhitzt die Kpfe, Sie erwrmen die Herzen. In that respect, he is not being entirely fair to the author. houston stewart chamberlain, the importance of race summary. He also had quite a vast cultural knowledge for a self-made man. His book Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (The . Oktober 1923, quoted in Stackelberg, Roderick, Winkle, Sally. Greece has always gravitated around Asia, till Rome dragged it away, to the West. For "the most sacred of duties . Johann Chapoutot. He was therefore read and admired by the major figures of the Nazi ideologyone of whom was Hitlerand became, just before he died, in the 1920s, one of the leading minds of their movement. Es war hohe Zeit, dass der Retter erschien, 1941-1944. captain america costume endgame. Since the purpose of his, was to try and explain everything about life and history, it naturally had to start with Antiquity for the authors exhaustive survey to have any semblance of logic at all. After attending a, in Versailles and a boarding school in Cheltenham, he visited destination spas and various health resortshe did not have a very sound constitutionwith his chaperon and a tutor. The early, of the 1920s or the people who cast their ballot for the NSDAP in the 1930s did not want the annihilation of Poland or the Holocaust. Oktober 1923, quoted in Stackelberg, Roderick, Winkle, Sally, The Nazi Germany Sourcebook. He then joined the Nazi party before he passed away in 1927. Houston had an enthusiasm towards superiority of the "Teutonic" race, a category that he used synonymously with "Aryan" and "Germanic." because of Houston's beliefs, he soon became a well-known writer for his articles on . The English-born German writer Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855-1927) formulated the most important theory of Teutonic superiority in pre-Hitlerian German thought. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Rome was destroyed by the Jews because it had not protected the purity of its race and because it was never able to lead a proper racial war: a total war of annihilation. A true anti-Semite, Wagner wrote an essay against the perversion of the arts by the Jews entitled Jewishness in Music (Das Judentum in der Musik1) that led Friedrich Nietzsche to break with him but that gained him the affection of many dubious devotees. He defined himself as an Ungelehrter, taking pride in not being a trained scholar, which he deemed was unworthy of his natural talents. (M a h b h r a t a) 4 Translation from the German, based upon the 8th edition of Arische Weltanschauung, published by F. Bruckmann A.-G., Munich 1938 5 Dedicated to the indologist Leopold von Schroeder It is no wonder that an Englishman like Chamberlain became part of the Wagner Circle for Britons were considered to be members of the Aryan race like any other German(ic) man. Still, the Greeks were far from perfect. An Anthology of Texts, Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism, 1870-1945. , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989. , Leipzig, 1869. His most fundamental idea was that the Germanic race was the cornerstone and the pillar of civilization. This idea according to which the Greeks and the Germans shared the same taste for beauty had been a commonplace for Konversationslexika since Johann Winckelmann published, in 1764, his Geschichte der Kunst des Altertums (History of Ancient Art).9 In the words of Chamberlain: This assumption of the importance of the arts corresponds to a specific character of the German mind, if I am not mistaken10. You are not at all, as you have been described to me, a fanatic. I want to cry out, I want to weep.29. Though it were proved that there was never an Aryan race in the past, yet we desire that in the future there may be one. Chamberlain saw in Hitler the new William II who could save Germany, as he wrote to him in a moving letter in the form of an accolade from the old philosopher of the race to the young racist politician. He also wrote numerous books on the theory of races, among which an important collection called, that earned him fame and glory in his later years, under the Third Reich. Why was the world precisely how it should be (the white population thus rewarded for its supremacy over the others)? Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1996. 8 Demandt, Alexander, Politische Aspekte im Alexanderbild der Neuzeit. If Germanic blood is not protected against the Jewish infection, Europe will perish. In fact, I would call you the complete opposite of a fanatic. Hitler, Adolf, Mein Kampf, Munich, Franz Eher Verlag, Zentralverlag der NSDAP, 1926. Counter-revolutionary theoreticians exalted in Germany the biological idea of the Volk and coined the word vlkisch as an alternative to the French adjective national. They then left testimonies of their genius in immaculate and pristine temples that were currently used, in the 19th century, to demonstrate the superiority of white mankind. Sie kennen Goethes Unterscheidung von Gewalt und Gewalt! This race of heroes which carried out a Herculean task by creating the, was defeated by hybrid weaklings from Asia minor, Greeks and Jews who infiltrated the Empire and the most inner circles of imperial power, thus becoming the juridicial counsellors of the throne. However, it was quite successful from the 1900s to the 1930s; it sold over 200000 copies. 7 quotes from Houston Stewart Chamberlain: 'The separation wall between religion and sincere scientific thinking, so ingeniously erected by our church doctors, does not really exist; it means rather the acknowledgement of an official lie. Relying on Sanskrit being part of the Indo-Aryan, and thereby part of the Indo-European, family of languages, from which he supposes a common ancestry, he deems Europeans can benefit greatly from a study of the Vedic texts, the latter . As for Aristotle, he would not have been remembered in the same way had it not been for Plato. : to fight against the (revolutionary) French idea of Nation based on the (false) assumption of equality. 20Houston Stewart Chamberlain died far too early to witness the rise of the NSDAP and the Gleichschaltung of Germany under Nazi rule. Chamberlain now expressed this philosophical allegiance to German imperialism with the most brutal cynicism: "Nobody can prove that Germanic supremacy is a blessing for all the Earth's . Hitler saw in Christianity a lethal plague that had affected Europe because of the Jews who made Christians out of Germans to weaken them. The naturalized German citizen Houston Stewart Chamberlain wrote in 1899 that the German race struggled to maintain its purity because of the Darwinian form of natural selection that caused Germans to feel a revulsion toward intermixing with lesser races. Historic antisemitism , the rise of eugenics and nationalism , the aftermath of the First World War, the rise of the Nazis, the role of Adolf Hitler, the internal operation of the Nazi state, the Second World War and collaboration all played key roles in the timing and scale of the final catastrophe. Not a Jew, by all means! Historians must therefore make the effort to understand that, for Chamberlains coevals, his book was important in that it provided an answer, at the time, to important questions and, to a larger extent, tried to give a meaning to history. Those three cities had been, throughout the 19. century, the epitome of Western culture: the Greeks had bequeathed philosophy and the arts, the Romans the Law and the Empire, and Jerusalem had opened a new path to salvation with the teachings of Jesus Christ. 9 Sep 1855 Portsmouth, Hampshire, England d. 9 Sep 1927 Bayreuth: Geneagraphie - Families all over the world An early Lord Haw-Haw of sorts who was even awarded the iron cross by Kaiser William II, not for fighting in the muddy trenches of the Somme, but for insulting London in vindictive articles. Die athenische Demokratie und die deutsche Althistorie bis 1945. , Peter Lang, Bern, New York, 1986, 332p. Wo ist ein grosser, schpferischer Naturforscher unter den Rmern? Bayreuth Friedhof Grab Chamberlain 30.03.07 DSC05063.jpg 1,536 2,048; 1.37 MB. This obsession with diseases and the assimilation of blood-mixing with infection is a common characteristic, as well as a deep concern, among the most convinced racists of the time. En 1899, ses Fondements du 19me sicle le font connatre dun vaste public: il y relit la totalit de lhistoire de loccident au prisme de la race et du ncessaire avnement de la puissance germanique. Now I believe I understand that it is precisely this that characterizes and defines your being: the true awakener is at the same time the bestower of peace, Indeed, this encounter and interview left such an impression on Chamberlain that he considered Hitler as the epitome of many essential virtuessuch virtues as warmth, kindness and selflessness, all embodied by the, Sie sind ja gar nicht, wie Sie mir geschildert worden sind, ein Fanatiker, vielmehr mchte ich Si. Blut von ihrem Blut und Geist von ihrem Geist, What is interesting, however, is the following statement: according to Chamberlain, the Romans and the Greeks, the founding fathers of our European civilization, were indeed Germans. The Syrian bastard had taken possession of laws, and the Jew used the Library of Alexandria to adapt Greek philosophy to the Mosaic Law (). 26 Sie sind ja gar nicht, wie Sie mir geschildert worden sind, ein Fanatiker, vielmehr mchte ich Sie als den unmittelbaren Gegensatz eines Fanatikers bezeichnen. 4 Field, Geoffrey G., Evangelist of Race.The Germanic Vision of Houston Stewart Chamberlain, New Yor ; 5 Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, Munich, Bruckmann, 1899, ; 2 A passionate and self-educated man, Houston Stewart Chamberlain studied and read a lot, eager to explore many different fields at once: history, philosophy or the natural sciences. They settled down in Greece and Rome, enjoying the benefits of cultural photosynthesis, thanks to the sun and mild climate of the Mediterranean. (). Die vlkische Bewegung im wilhelminischen Kaiserreich. (). (). Core tenets of Hitler's worldview were that the primacy of race in determining historical developments, Aryan superiority (with the Aryans being the sole creators of culture), the Darwinian racial struggle, the need for eugenics policies, and the evils of racial mixing. Now I believe I understand that it is precisely this that characterizes and defines your being: the true awakener is at the same time the bestower of peace25. Since the purpose of his Foundations of the 19th Century was to try and explain everything about life and history, it naturally had to start with Antiquity for the authors exhaustive survey to have any semblance of logic at all. This book had already been published in, Die Rasse in den GeisteswissenschaftenBand II: Hauptepochen und Hauptvlker der. Chamberlain is not the first eccentric who is championing this very bizarre causeperhaps bizarre only to us. emphasizes the importance of race, nation, personality, the creative idea in history . This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Houston-Stewart-Chamberlain, The Official Site of Houston Stewart Chamberlain, The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century, The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He also wrote numerous books on the theory of races, among which an important collection called Race and Humanities2 that earned him fame and glory in his later years, under the Third Reich. Was der Chamberlain da in seinen, Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945, The second Saviour (with a capital S) is Jesus Christ himself whom Chamberlain celebrates at length in his book. The book goes into a lot of analysis to explain what the tuetonic race is the greatest race the world has ever been give and has merged into many other races at the same time also. Chamberlain could very well have been a poor mans Hegel: rewriting the history of civilization in a less than talented way, apologizing for not being able to elaborate further on what he was talking about because it would take too long and writing much nonsense on the science of the time which he was already busy repudiating. (1855-1927) Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Anglo-German race theorist and philosophical and . After France, Italy, Belgium, he ended up in Vienna, then in Geneva, where he earned a Bachelors degree in Science. In it, he provides his readership with a new approach to Western history in relation to the question of race and the necessary rise of Germanic power. Furthermore, his belonging to the Wagner family was a letter of credit and a sign of distinction in the small but growing world of the far right movements. Stackelberg, Roderick, Winkle, Sally, The Nazi Germany Sourcebook. View all Houston Stewart Chamberlain Quotes. This idea according to which the Greeks and the Germans shared the same taste for beauty had been a commonplace for, since Johann Winckelmann published, in 1764, his, In the words of Chamberlain: This assumption of the importance of the arts corresponds to a specific character of the German mind, if I am not mistaken, But what was to be said about Rome? They then engaged with the Romans: Carthage was a Jewish kingdom and Hannibal himself was some sort of a fighting rabbi! While their cousins who had stayed in the north still ate raw meat and lived in caverns, the Germans of the Souththat is to say, the Greeks and the Romansate healthy food and created civilisation. 325-363. Historians must therefore make the effort to understand that, for Chamberlains coevals, his book was important in that it provided an answer, at the time, to important questions and, to a larger extent, tried to give a meaning to history. Having learned, from a very young age, at least two foreign languages, he almost wrote better in French and in German than he did in English.
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