Kate Matrosova with her husband, Charlie Farhoodi. Dry hypothermia is different from submersion hypothermia. Late the following day, rescuers carried her frozen body out of the mountains amid some of the worst weather ever recorded on these deceptively rugged slopes. And she always knew what she wanted, she always had a goal in mind.. The ridge is completely exposed to the wind and the cold and looks like a moonscape in winter, barren, and devoid of landmarks. Kilimanjaro, August 2011. Kate Matrosova, 32, found dead in New Hampshire mountains on Monday It was 24 hours after she activated emergency beacon for rescuers She had just climbed Mount Madison, elevation 5,400 feet,. Another thing we always make our guests bring for washington trips. Her body was found 24 hours later. She was accepted as one of 68 students. She noted seeing some hikers in sandals with a beer in hand setting out for a difficult trail. 'Unfortunately, a lot of the coordinates that we received over the night were all over the place within a mile circumference,' Fish and Game Lt. Jim Goss told WMUR-TV. Missing Hiker in New Hampshire Found Dead Officials believe that Kate Matrosova, 32, died of exposure to extreme temperatures. He had no interest in the day of skiing he thought he might get in while his wife hiked. Matrosovas new avocation would require considerable investments of money and timesavings to pay for expeditions and months not only to train but to travel to far places, acclimatize, wait out bad weather, and endure the sundry hardships all alpinists endure in pursuit of some transcendent happiness. I believe the author is the same Chip Brown who wrote "Good Morning Midnight: Life and Death in the Wild", the story of Guy Waterman. You have to work so hard. Shifting winds from the north starting at 45to 60 mph and rising midmorning to 80to 100 mph, with gusts up to 125 mph. Do you believe that an ice-axe may have been useful for moving under such conditions? They said goodbye. The region saw up to 14 inches of snow in some areas. After training on stairs and in stairwells, at times with a 60-pound pack, the liberation of real trails and light weight must have felt grand. I canceled the Bonds Traverse I was leading for the AMC the night before that day. It appears she died of exposure to the extreme temperatures overnight. Once you met her, you would never forget her. Unfortunately, she never made it out alive. It was not a contest she could win. 'Derek fights on, it makes me fall in love with him all over again:' Kate Garraway reveals there are days A possum feared extinct is discovered by an amateur naturalist in Papua New Guinea being cooked on a My weekly horoscope: What will March 4th 2023 bring for MY star sign? Mt. She caught people up in herenthusiasms. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. He was not given to premonitions, and yet hed lingered in the lot. After getting to the top of Adams, she seemed to be heading home, retracing her stepsbut with one grave difference. Rescuers believe she succumbed to hypothermia, and her body was discovered the next day frozen solid. Twinned with this drive is our need for recognitionfrom others, yes, but often most centrally from ourselves. In 2012 shed climbed Mt. We always use PL150 liner gloves covered with an OR Gortex Mitt Shell and keep taking the shell off/putting on to keep our hands from sweating. Kate, not being from New England, had no understanding how drastically day-to-day forecasts can change in the Presidentials. With her new degree, she landed a job at J.P.Morgan and went to New York for a six-week training program, where she met Farhoodi, a witty, prudent private wealth manager. Erik, this is a very good post that nicely complements the other reporting and blogging on this story. Its good to have a place to talk about this. Her eyes were never bluer than when she was in the mountains, he said with a catch in his throat. We rely on readers like you to support the local, national, and international coverage on this website. Star Lake, between Mount Madison and Mount Adams, in kinder weather. The area ahead has the worst weather in America. . Yes, say our ancient selves, yes, we are. or we want to be. Maybe she didnt see the storm coming. A writer reflects on the death of Kate Matrosova, whose February 2015 hike in the Northern Presidential range of the White Mountains came to a fatal end. Anyone watching the weather (a useful thing for mountaineers) would have seen that train coming from a mile off. $19.95 . December 28, 2017. Will one fly and the other fall? Where You'll Find Me: Risk, Decisions, and the Last Climb of Kate Matrosova eBook : Gagne, Ty, Walsh, T.B.R. For their cat, Carrot, he put out the kitty litter Matrosova had carried up staircases as part of her training regimen. All Rights Reserved. Your support makes this news available to everyone. At age 32, she was, by all reports, mountain-experienced, though that experience was concentrated within the last few years, and she was fit and equipped for winter. Otherwise, in my estimate, its just a piece of $350 dollar dead weight in my pack. Other pings from the PLB had placed Matrosova on the northern side of Adams in King Ravine near the Gulfside Trail she was planning to follow all the way to Washington. Our job is to enable our guests the greatest success we can on any given day, most of the time that means an ascent of Mt Washington. I just wanted to mention that the FB link to AVSAR wasnt working, for me at least. The front came in really quickly, sooner than forecast. It was about achievement.. Everyone else who read the forecast and the warnings from SAR that day stayed home. One wrote: 'Rest in peace' with a photograph of Matrosova hiking through sunlight snowy woodland. . This does a far superior job of cutting the wind then a simple balaclava or buff, and allows your breath to vent to it doesnt condense on your goggles and freeze. Reaching for PLB instead of phone shows thoughts werent in healthy order. Paperback. On Feb. 15, 2015, Kate Matrosova, an avid mountaineer, set off before sunrise for a traverse of the Northern Presidential Range in New Hampshire's White Mountains. Why? A lot of us live here, have found the limit of wind speeds we find acceptableand know that theres always next weekend to try again. He watched until the light was gone. Kate Matrosova, 32, apparently died of exposure to the extreme temperatures, officials said. The trails above treeline on the northern Presis can be hard windpacked, but weve found we needed to use snowshoes up there on most of our trips People dont seem to realize that if they need to bail off trail to get below treeline how important they are. I would also highly recommend Deep Survival. Inside Prince Harry's finances from when he met Meghan Markle to landing 100M with Netflix and book Spare How Prince Harry's chat with guru who compared Hamas terrorists to Jews who battled the Nazis has appalled Palace braces for more truth bombs in Harry's public Spare Q&A: Royal experts say duke still has 'plenty of 'How I snatched JK Rowling's baby out of her abusive husband's arms - and helped her flee with the Harry RICHARD LITTLEJOHN: As Florida governor and Donald Trump rival Ron DeSantis steps up his bid to win the Now California reparations panel RAISES amount it wants to give 1.8m black people from $220,000 to $360,000 My dream job has come upcan I make a TINY lie on my CV? The comments below have been moderated in advance. A saying that frequently comes to mind is expectations lead to disappointment. Of course this comes with a caveat about reasonable expectations. Ty Gagne denotes, Kate was driven to succeed at whatever she attempted. Chip Brown writes about a super-achiever who possessed a never surrender ethos. Honestly, its frustrating reading accounts like this because its so obvious within the first few pages to anyone who has spent any significant time in the mountains how batshit crazy this plan was, and misguided she was. Yury. Tragically, on those two February days, her passion met weather more turbulent, more driven than she could master. As the day progressed, the region was hit by winds exceeding 100mph and temperatures plummeted to -30F. If the temperature is 20 below and a zipper breaks or you drop a glove, you can get into trouble quickly. In doing so Im making the opposite assumptions of so many, that she was reasonably experienced and knew what she was getting her self into. She also had to read some heavy texts, including the quant bible, Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives, by John Hull. Matrosova, who was born in Siberia, was found between Mount Madison and Mount Adams, in a series of summits called the Presidential Range, The New York Post reports. Washington. Required fields are marked *. That decision isnt up to me and it was only relayed to me what her route was, not travel time. Investigating authorities havent reached hasty conclusions and I commend you for the same. Those days are over. AVSAR carrying the litter up the Valley Way trail. This is a love story. How Many Liters Do You Need for a Day Pack? In 2012, restless for more stimulating work, Matrosova applied to the masters program in financial engineering at the University of California at Berkeleys Haas School of Business. No partner, no bivy gear, and even relatively light on essential layers in my opinion. Before this, we riveted our attention on and sometimes glorified the young Alexander Supertramp, a.k.a. Are you experienced? asked Jimi Hendrix in his short life. 2) The stark details of what happens to your mind and body as you develop and progress through the stages of hypothermia. What seems plausible is that she had called off the traverse by the time she took the selfie at the Madison Hut given how far behind her schedule she was but she wanted to summit Adams before going back down. On Feb. 15, 2015, Kate Matrosova, an avid mountaineer, set off before sunrise for a traverse of the Northern Presidential Range in New Hampshire's White Mountains. Yes, that was also mentioned in the Boston Globe article. Make no mistake, the rescue teams are there by choice. dashicons-twitter Kate had a power within her. When the winds are 80 or 90 or 100 miles an hour, you cant walk or stay on your feet; youre on your hands and knees waiting for a lull. The cause of death: exposure. This brought a good lesson back to the front of my mind. It was too little too late. She set her sights on Everest and the rest of the Seven Summits, the high points of each continent; she aspired to be the first woman to climb Denali in the winter. Weighing just 125 pounds, Matrosova was likely knocked down by the wind, which would have made walking extremely difficult. Have seen it reported that she did not have them. Climb Year: 2015. Tragic: BNP Paribas credit trader Kate Matrosova, 32, was found dead 24 hours after she called for help as she hiked up Mount Madison, Married: Matrosova was dropped off at the range at 5am on Sunday by husband Charlie Farhoodi (left) who is listed on LinkedIn as the Vice President of JP Morgan. Her pace began to slow. Up to 60% Off. Heres a video of the actual search and rescue team effort to try and locate her to give you a sense of what 100 mph winds are like in the Presidential Range. This is an excerpt of a story that was originally published in the Winter/Spring 2016 issue of Appalachia Journal. Gagnes book also provides a behind-the-scenes account of how search and rescue is organized in the White Mountain National Forest, which is largely volunteer-based and works hand-in-hand with New Hampshires state agencies. Sometime on February 15 or 16, 2015, New York City resident and Banque Nationale de Paris Paribas trader Kate Matrosova froze to death near Star Lake between New Hampshires Mounts Madison and Adams. How do we illustrate the work they need to put in in order to do this on their own (first aid, trip planning, navigation, camping skills), while at the same time celebrating and congratulatingthem for what they were able to accomplish under out guidance? Surely the nearby Mount Washington observatory was explicit in its predictions for uninhabitable cold and wind, as were other forecasters: the coming weather would be the toughest of an already notable winter. She was cognizant fully that she was one hour and 37 minutes off-pace as she started her descent down Mt. This is definitely a book that I will read again. It was characteristic of her that shed also learned a lot of Swahili before that trip to Africa, and had brought a suitcase of toys and games for a Maasai school. The secret WhatsApp mode that lets you EDIT texts after you've sent them, Revealed: The new '23' number plates the DVLA deems offensive and has banned including EU23 OFF and GO23 HEL. Kate likely planned this day far in advanced, was on a vacation from NYC that couldve ben a rare thing for her, and may not have had another chance to try this in a while. Kate Matrosova's plan was to hike alone to the top of Mount Madison, then hike through Mount Adams and . But before we think more about this unhappy meeting, we need to climb the essential details to it, to arrive at the meeting of climber and storm. In the face of an extreme forecast, speed would be essential; Matrosova expected to be up and down before it got too tough. She had a satellite phone and a GPS device that would record her movements. Copyright 2007-2023, SectionHiker.com and Fells Press LLC. Her interests are listed on LinkedIn as mountain climbing, judo and scuba diving.. Friends and relatives paid tribute to Matrosova online, posting pictures of the 32-year-old. Still, Im guessing Matrosova did not feel lonely as she climbed. It wasnt about risk. If you enjoyed this story, you might consider subscribing to our Appalachia Journal. (Listen to that program right here.). Her selfie at Madison Hut was taken at the time her schedule called for her to be near the summit of Jefferson (~11 am). She was 32. Ty Gagnes book Where Youll Find Me: Risks, Decisions, and the Last Decisions of KateMatrosova, https://sectionhiker.com/the-wisdom-of-hiking-groups-reflections-on-solo-winter-hiking-in-the-northern-presidential-range/. She was ill-prepared and made a series of bad errors. within 10 yards!! The state police dispatcher contacted conservation officers from the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, who began coordinating a rescue attempt. Things did go wrong, however. View All Available Formats & Editions. Follow Up Story on Kate Matrosova. As veteran mountaineer and rescuer Rick Wilcox pointed out in an interview after the tragedy, there are two ways to approach the mountains: heavy and slow or light and fast. Nor would they have proceeded when it became so obvious conditions were deteriorating. However, her GPS indicates that she was reversing course and returning to tree line when calamity befell her. On the worst, it was something still difficult to fathom: another heartbreaking entry in the ledger of a range whose cordial slopes and modest elevations belie its savage weather. (COURTESY PHOTO) On Sunday, Feb. 15, 2015, Matrosova, a 33 year old born in Omsk, Russia with a spectacular rising career in New York finance and with an impressive list of the world's higher mountains notched on her . Her endurance was incredible. 3:45 PM to 12:10 AM. It does not exist in nature, nor do the children of men as a whole experience it. Kate knew she was going to snort the trip and had every intention of returning back to the Appalachia parking lot. He watched her headlamp dip and flash in the darkness like an out-of-season firefly. After hiring a lawyer to extend her visa, she saved money working as a waitress and hostess. Ive already done just that for my daughter and her boyfriend. The hiker, Kate Matrosova, had triggered her personal locator beacon which triggered a call to her husband who then called 911. And, why did she not drink ANY of her water? Matty Bowman photo / Mountaineer Kate Matrosova's death during a winter traverse of the Northern Presidential Range in 2015 still echoes for some in the White Mountains. . The couple shared a $1 million apartment in Manhattan, Emergency: A search team was unable to locate Matrosova (pictured in January) for 24 hours after her call, She had been attempting to climb the Presidential Range of the White Mountains - which includes the highest peak in the Northeast - Mount Washington - elevation 6,300 feet. Ty Gagnes book Where Youll Find Me: Risks, Decisions, and the Last Decisions of KateMatrosova has quickly become a mountaineering and hiking classic thats well worth reading if you like to climb and play in the mountains or you have a loved one who does. Two rescuers, one kneeling, the others leg showing, work to recover the body of Kate Matrosova (out of frame), who was found between Mount Adams and the Madison Spring Hut, off the Star Lake Trail. From such economy comes pleasure and confidence, a sort of mental fuel and companionship of self. While she planned her route carefully, she was not familiar with the trail system and would need to rely on her GPS to find her way across the featureless winter moonscape. She studied finance at the Omsk State Transport University, and in 2002, at 20, got a work-study visa to the U.S. Shed arranged a job at a restaurant in Montauk, N.Y., at the eastern tip of Long Island, where she fell in with Lily Kirejenkova, a Lithuanian work-study visitor. She found between Mount Madison and Mount Adams. Turkish restaurant in the Upper Valley aims to help those affected by recent earthquakes, RFK Jr. tells NH crowd hes considering a presidential run, Epping woman pleads guilty to threatening Michigan election official in 2020, 8 things you might've missed in Sununus state budget proposal. You pack up the little town that goes on your back; you step from the lot where people park their cars and their usual lives; you slip between two trees, free for some elemental time in this oldest world. Mix in the mountains, even the ground-down molars of our New England Appalachians, and the weather they breed. It seemed fitting to Matrosova that on Presidents Day weekend she should not only be training for Everest but celebrating her impending American citizenship with the so-called Presidential Traverse across the summits of Mt. Im a little baffled by the lack of discussion of the apparent failures of her PRD. Click to watch News 9's coverage. This woman was young and strong and had enjoyed some easy victories and she was in a bubble of her own creation. Last year she scaled 20,321-ft. Denali in Alaska and 22,841-ft. Aconcagua in Argentina, the apexes of North and South America. She was referring to the Trail Steward Program of the U.S. Forest Service. The Last Traverse . Guess what, she loved you back. I have read that the PLB that Kate used was not rated for the encountered temperature so there is a thought that the reason why the first coordinates received were the accurate coordinates is because the weather had not yet impacted the device. State of the art gadgets are no substitute for experience and sound judgement. Much less without shelter. Going on professionally guided trips with the clear goal of notching achievements on your belt doesnt make you experienced. Fitzgerald and Kneeland say technology has its place. Madison, Mt. Still, that forecast continues to give many pause. At 32 years old, Kate Matrosova hiked the Presidential Mountain Range of the White Mountains in New Hampshire carrying light gear for a day hike. If you search Androscogin Valley Search And Rescue on Facebook than you should be able to find it. This book provides a unique look into the heart of search and rescue personnel that Ive never seen in any other mountaineering accident analysis. As part of her training she would bike 26miles, round-trip, to the dojo in Hypoluxo. But not, it turned out, for what blew through the White Mountains during her final 48 hours. She studied finance, marketing, and accounting and graduated magna cum laude in 2006. She was also, perhaps, willful to a fault: Locked in a chokehold, she would as soon pass out as tap the mat to signal shed had enough. If anything, it may be that she stripped away these layers of protection, with a false impression that her technology (Satellite phone, PLB, GPS) were building those layers of protection back up. 'There's just no room for error in a place like that.'. In no way am I suggesting that we should be permitted to be foolish then simply rely on a PRD but gosh darnit if my PRD shouldnt give reliable GPS coordinates on par with modern and broadly accepted standards e.g. I really dont want it to be seen as being overly critical, and they are pieces of gear often left behind by novices or those perhaps unfamiliar with the Whites in Winter. So easy in retrospect to say, God yes. No experienced mountaineer would have gone out on the cusp of conditions like that. My plan was always to be in position to seize an opportunity. She came to America on a student visa and successfully graduated with a masters degree in Financial Engineering. Seeking answers is a natural step for all involved. After the Soviet Union broke up, her parents opened a shop importing shoes from Moscow. Kate Matrosova: 32-Year-Old Hiker Freezes To Death In New Hampshire. Essential for any adventurer. Gagne tells The Exchange that the death of such an experienced mountaineer raises the issue of ones own vulnerability. And it shouldve be realized that in these mountains rescue is hours or days away, while in those conditions death can be much more imminent. He said that Matrosova was an adventurer, but I dont think she was a risk-seeker. The North Country in some ways is still rattled by this.. An assumption that I jumped too quickly was that she had been guided up these mountains. The troubled action hero: Tom Sizemore boasted of affairs with Liz Hurley and Paris Hilton (which he had to Will Vladimir Putin's empress pay the ultimate price for his war on the West? Her passion for mountains and wild places was kindled four years ago on an ascent of Mt. Thanks for opening the door, Erik. Why didnt she quantify the risk in the mountains? But she is the only person I know who could try to do what she did. . Another described her as 'a vibrant spirit'. Kate had stillborn event with Mt. Last weekend a guest was hesitant to bring a large puffy jacket as shes never needed it before. There is a distinct danger associated with equipment intensive activities. Murdaugh is heckled as he leaves court, Mom who lost both sons to fentanyl blasts laughing Biden, Moment teenager crashes into back of lorry after 100mph police race, Missing hiker buried under snow forces arm out to wave to helicopter, Family of a 10-month-old baby filmed vaping open up, Hershey's Canada releases HER for SHE bars featuring a trans activist, Ukrainian soldier takes out five tanks with Javelin missiles. Join as a $8 per month sustainer and get our brand-new owl umbrella! They were married a year later. Having activated her beacon at 3:30 p.m., its likely Matrosova didnt have long to live and wouldnt have been found alive even if the initial coordinates had been spot on. Every time I said goodbye to her, even if she was just going out on her bike with her headphones on, I would wonder if I would ever see her again, just because of who she was.. Mountaineering and cave diving are two that come to mind because I am familiar with both but there are others and you can make your own comparisons. Matrosovas judo instructor describes that ethos: Kate invariably refused to tap the mat or the winners forearm while in a chokehold, preferring unconsciousness to submission. Even as the chokehold diminished the blood flow to Kates face resulting in her passing out, in her mind, Kate prevailed; because she never capitulated. Therein, lay her Achilles heel. A will to live greater than fear of death, for starters. The first is Mittens. I know people say, There she was quantifying risk in her profession. His analysis isnt judgmental, but an artful examination of the factors that could have led to her behavior as hypothermia in the adverse conditions set in. Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than out right exposure. And yes, I also understand the conditions and operating limitations of the device. As someone who frequently hikes and camps alone in the neighboring state of Vermont, I was struck by two sets of information: 1) The unwavering willingness (and skill) of so many rescuers to go out in those horrible conditions to look for someone who essentially broke almost every rule related to solo hiking, alpine traverse, and common sense. And she had always come back. Russian dictator, 70, ANDREW NEIL: What's REALLY going on in Boris Johnson's head - and why I'd advise Rishi Sunak to sleep with Find out what Uber drivers really think of you! Kneeland says the summer season can be so busy he goes to sleep at night with his cell phone nearby - sometimes on his chest. Her father had been in the Red Army and had won medals for service at Chernobyl. I think that this tragedy has already led so many of us to have a heightened awareness about so many different aspects of hiking. He provides a deeply personal account of the rescue attempt and how it affected all of the people involved. I find my exposed fingers loose all feeling in those conditions in under a minute and it takes quite awhile to get it back. dashicons-instagram, Policies Terms of Use Web Accessibility Site Map, Copyright 2023, Appalachian Mountain Club, Center for Outdoor Learning and Leadership. The second thing Ive been reflecting on is her personal level of preparedness. 1,104 ratings165 reviews. Snowshoes?? She was brave. Climbing these peaks is Not Without Peril, however, and there have been numerous injuries and fatalities in the Presidentials that have required the activation of professional and volunteer search and rescue teams to assist missing hikers and climbers. It was 5 a.m. on February 15 when Matrosova's husband,. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. See, for example, the media flurry around January 2015s free climb of El Capitans Dawn Wall, the generally acknowledged hardest rock-climb in the world. supported by years of practice and planning and liberal rope-hauled supplies, Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgesons exploit was filmed and blogged and, yes, tweeted throughout its 19 days. A lot of hype for mountain trips is to summit, or bust! This despite the fact that summits are often allusive, and when gained, are only done so at the will of the mountain. I guess she thought wind wasnt terrible till a gust swept her and beat her up which took air outa sails. (LogOut/ Towards the end of Presidents Day Weekend a search wasinitiatedfor an overdue hiker. Save Big on Kestrel, Kyte, and Hydration Packs now 40% Off. In the meantime, each morning she climbed into a business suit and hiked through the din and fumes of Midtown Manhattan to the Equitable Tower off Seventh Avenue, where she worked as a credit derivatives trader in the North American headquarters of BNP Paribas, the worlds fourth-largest bank. GARAGE-GROWN-GEAR: Take 30% Off the Gossamer Gear Silverback 65 backpack at Garage Grown Gear. As guides we often have to do this to hell adjust our clients crampons, goggles, work a gps etc And then rely on the safety of our mitts to recover that warmth, which they do. And could still be one day, im human. By, March 2023 Fund Drive Rules and Regulations, Persons with disabilities who need assistance accessing NHPR's FCC public files, please contact us at publicfile@nhpr.org. She had a prolific mind, and it wasnt just for finance. So much for that. Volunteers at five locations in the WMNF offer advice to hikers at the trailhead. The Star Lake Trail climbs along the eastern flank of a satellite peak, Mt. The associated lack of impulse control explains a lot about the pandemic situation we find ourselves in. Russia-born Matrosova, who lived in a $1 million apartment in Midtown Manhattan with Farhoodi, planned to climb to the top of Madison before venturing across three other summits in the so-called Presidential Range, reports claim. This is a 15-mile route with 8700 of elevation gain over the five tallest mountains in the Presidential Range: Mts Madison, Adams, Jefferson, Clay, and Mt Washington. Description. Will they break the wall, or will it break them? All of these add up to the greatest amount of protection, but on any given day we may weigh the risks and go up with out a partner or without bivy gear based on our own risk assessment. Author: The Editors. Towards the end of Presidents Day Weekend a search was initiated for an overdue hiker. But none were interested, so she decided to hike to the route solo. He checked the Mt. Hypothermia sneaks up on you, and you start making poor choices.. Once she put it there it wasnt being used in spec (antenna pointed up with a clear view of the sky) so unfortunately no surprise about the bad positions. Just to clarify, the picture that has been circulated of her dressed in red with a heavy pack at the start of a trail was not from this day, but a former hike. I was appalled that her husband and friends apparently did so little to dissuade her from such an ill conceived plan. It was hard not to wonder what he might have done or could have done or should have done. Clay by 1 p.m.; and by 3 p.m., Washington, the 6,288-foot crest of the range. She was 32. A hiker who went missing Sunday on Mt. She never went halfway at anything. I couldnt agree more with Cavallaros comments above, regarding making this book a must read. No partner, no bivy gear, and even relatively light on essential layers in my opinion..
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