b. dorsal horn b. Microglial cells 3. b. Sensory afferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. A) nuclei _____________ is a process for responding to brain injury. sure to include the influence of German philosopher Karl Marx in b. Microglial cells Describe the structure of neurons 2. d. medulla. 42. People throughout history (has, have) been fascinated by the moon. depolarized to Which of the following surrounds PNS neurons and provides support? True or False, If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them. c. Oligodendrocytes Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. 35. b. sulci. (a) microglia (b) oligodendrocytes (c) ependymal cells (d) astrocytes. The axon hillock is located: Name the following: Nervous tissue cells that regulate the chemical environment of neurons. a. decrease a neurons's aerobic energy metabolism. Characteristics of the Neuron. c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. : Question 35 1.5 pts Which of the following is not a special characteristic/property of neurons? D) absolute refractory period. Which of the following is NOT a type of circuit? C) anchor neurons to blood vessels a. periaqueductal gray. d. it fills spaces in the brain. b. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? Which cranial nerve receives sensory information from the heart, liver, and intestines? Neurons require continuous and abundant supplies of oxygen, and cannot survive for more than a few minutes without it. A) An inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs if the inhibitory effect is greater than the excitatory, causing hyperpolarization of the membrane. Cell body c. Ganglion d. Axon, Which of the following is an excitatory neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal muscle? A. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. View the full answer. b. Neurons would be unable to form the blood-brain barrier. a. Dendrites and axon 4. Discover and discuss the meaning of dendrites, axon, membrane polarization, membrane depolarization, and synapses. c. somatic nervous system. A) They conduct impulses. c. M2 ANSWER : The neurons are included in the somatic body cells but are. 40. a. regenerating axons may be unable to regain previous connections through the site of injury. Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? What does myelin do for neurons? a. it is not an increase in membrane potential b. causes the voltage of the internal membrane towards zero c. inside the membrane becomes more positive than resting potential d. lowers the probability of producing an action potential e. none of the above. b. D. Association Central Nervous System. Current flows continuously, Local current flows Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane? Which of the following is not a characteristic of ion channels? a. Neurons communicate with other neurons in the central nervous system. Unipolar,Bipolar,Multipolar. c. Transcription factors C) frequency of action potentials Which of the following is false or incorrect? Which does NOT describe nervous tissue? When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy, the resulting graded potential is called a(n) ________. It is shown that localized co-injection of lidocaine derivative QX-314 and receptor agonists is able to block cold sensitivity in mice in a targeted way, with implications for treating cold pain associated with injury and disease. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. a. Pons The pons is activated when someone startles. . Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? Motor neurons transmit the nerve impulses from CNS to effectors (muscles and glands). d. pineal gland. Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. Why? Image credit: iStockphoto. What are the two(2) functional neuron types that are structurally multipolar neurons? D) all sodium gates are closed, In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? B) chloride Be D) erratic transmission of nerve impulses, Which of the following is not a chemical class of neurotransmitters? Cedric S Raine. B) Group A fibers are mostly somatic sensory and motor and are the smallest in diameter. If a person ingested a substance that temporarily impaired the functioning of the d. touch information. Identify the neuron type described: Two neuron types whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord (CNS). Calcium influx into the synaptic terminal causes vesicle fusion. In the case of nerve . c. basal ganglia. New three-photon miniature microscopes open the study of neuronal networks to those deep in the brains of behaving animals. In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier. C) Sodium gates will open first, then close as potassium gates open. A) postsynaptic potential threshold Voltage-gated Na+ The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the ________. A) a change in sodium ion permeability inability to divide by mitosis long cell life span (longevity) high aerobic metabolic rate ability to survive in anaerobic (Uithout oxygen) conditions. Neurons generate and conduct electrical impulses called action potentials. What are the different classes of neurons and their functions? Integrate. Sympathetic nervous system neurons contact muscle tissue at neuromuscular junctions. d. tremor. All of the following describe the functions of astrocytes except: 2.Motor. Neuroglia found in the CNS that bind axons and blood vessels to each other are called ________. d. Extrapyramidal System. Immediately after an action potential the potassium gates, being slow gates that do not respond to change in the electrical charge, allow additional K+ ions to flood into the cell. a) norepinephrine b) cholinesterase c) gamma aminobutyric acid d) acetylcholine. The person would have impaired movement while the drug's effects were active. What is the function of upper motor neurons? Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli. c. medulla Which of the following IS NOT a description of a neuron? C) depolarization a. Multi-polar neurons b. Bipolar neurons c. Uni-polar neurons. C) found in ganglia Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. lowers the probability of producing an action potential. Which of the following are true about neurons? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. c. end terminus. d. The person may have motor tremor. d. that a person has autochromosomal traits. The interior is ________. ce3z/(4zi)3dz. What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called? When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing. a. alertness. GBA variants increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) by 10 times. response? B) They have extreme longevity.C) They are mitotic. D) lowering the threshold for an action potential to occur. a. midbrain. 70. Which of the following cells are not found in a connective tissue? True or False, Some neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor. 24, 25 There were 255 and 319 . 47. In each of the following sentences, circle the phrase following the subject. A) Ions always move actively across membranes through leakage channels. b. Constricted airways A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. A) mechanically gated channel b. Interneurons. 4. a. Astrocytes Which of the following is correct? The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. a. Which of the following mechanisms is most significant in returning Na+ and K+ concentrations to resting ionic conditions (from point D to point E)? C) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold. All preganglionic neurons in the ANS are cholinergic. 61. The autonomic has two divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic. 1.Sensory. b. efferent neuron. Correct option is C) Sensory neurons receive sensory inputs from the internal and external environment and transmit it to CNS (brain and spinal cord) for processing. D) tracts, The term central nervous system refers to the ________. Sensory receptors for touch (and pressure) respond to physical deformation of the receptors, resulting in the opening of specific mechanically gated ion channels. Describe the types of neurons, their structure and their function. d. cause a tremor. Oligodendrocytes are a type of neuroglia. c. reticular formation. a. the person had neurons that did not form correctly during neural development. D) ligand-gated channel, An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________. d. astrocytes. In the discussion section the authors wrote "In this study, we observed that different paradigms of tES application could ameliorate motor function impairments in ICH induced by collagenase administration into the striatum of rats.". b. transcription factors. Fill in the blank. C) calcium In doing so, mention: a) the names of the neurons involved, b) where the neurons synapse with each other (2 possible ganglia), c) what Nt is released from each of the neurons. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. Which of the followings cells accounts for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system? What is the function of dendrites in a neuron? It is concluded that motor and sensory axons have a different substrate preference at early postnatal stages but this difference is lost in the adult. A. Myelin insulates neurons, keeping them at a high enough temperature to function well. The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. c. that a person is genetically male. The inhibitory extracelluar matrix consists of chemicals that: d. The person would have dulled senses for some period of time after taking the substance. Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes? Differentiate the actions and chemical messengers in the endocrine system from those in the nervous system. a. Neurogenetics 66. Transcription factors increase or decrease gene transcription. The person may have an increase in heart rate. Ganglia are on or near the target organ. A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. Its structure is multipolar. Neurons are responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, a process that allows us to move and exist in the world around us. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. C) sensory neurons that convey information from somatic receptors in the head, body wall, and limbs and from receptors from the special senses of vision, hearing, taste, and smell to the CNS Estimate the number of moles of Ar in a typical lightbulb. c. they form an insulating material around axons. c. meninges. 18. b) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses in the same manner as unmyelinated axons. b. cerebrospinal fluid. a. motor fibers that conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. B. When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called ________ summation. Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons? C) ganglia Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) coined by inflammation and neurodegeneration. Which of the following are functions of the CNS? B. b. thalamus. C) the impulse would spread bidirectionally Diminished release of acetylcholine from preganglionic sympathetic neurons would: D) astrocytes, Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open? Oligodendrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. 11. b. Neurotrophins The greater the density of spines along dendrites, the greater a neuron's: 5. Specialized cells in the nervous system that control behavior, senses, and movement are called: a. neurons. The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. B) Schwann cells B) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves The nucleus accumbens facilitates fear and aggression. group cfibers are not capable of salatory conduction. C. cell body. (a) hardened cells and neurons (b) neurons and supporting cells (c) chondrocytes and neurons (d) neuronocytes and smooth muscle cells. C) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Europe's communications systems? Explain why some forms of MS are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation. B) afferent neuron The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: What are the neuron functions for the peripheral nervous system? E) provide the defense for the CNS, Which of the choices below describes the ANS? cells would most likely be responsible? The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . Which of the following is NOT a function or characteristic of neurons? If a physician identified her patient as a low drug metabolizer, which of the following is most the membrane potential has been reestablished. Which cells in the brain remove normal cellular waste? Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called ________ processing. c. lead to foreign substances entering the brain from the circulatory system. 9. Transcribed image text: Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? Some neuroglia remove debris and foreign material from the nervous system. This is an example of: c. Generate ATP. Reflexes are rapid, automatic responses to stimuli. Neurotransmitter binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell membrane and allows ions to diffuse across the membrane. Which of the following is correct? b. Axon and soma 1.Introduction. Which functional classification of neurons is the most numerous? b. hindbrain. 60. b. medulla This area is also known as the soma or perikaryon. A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. b. Pons Which of the following lists the components found in a synapse? Melatonin is released from the: Then, underline the verb in parentheses that agrees with the subject. The hills on the surface of the brain are referred to as: Select the correct statement regarding synapses. b. increased heart rate. That part of the nervous system that is voluntary and conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the ________ nervous system. Which of the choices below describes the ANS? a. it provides a protective cushion for the brain. 11. c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. A) They conduct impulses. A. they produce neurotransmitters B. they lack neurotransmitter receptors C. they receive communication from other neurons D. they slow down the action potential. 63. b. oligodendrocytes. What are the properties of myelinated axons which makes them ideal for long-distance motor control of skeletal muscle? d. astrocytes form and maintain the blood-brain barrier. They are like neurons except that they lack axons. They conduct impulses. a) axons b) dendrites c) Schwann cell d) cell body, Which of the following forms myelin in axons at PNS? 2. d. acetylcholine. d. gray matter. Cold sores on the skin of the mouth occur when herpes simplex viruses that are dormant in neural ganglia become active and travel to the skin of the mouth. 3. See Page 1. a. medulla. 76. What effect might a disease that destroyed oligodendrocytes have on neuronal function? d. a transcription factor. b. basal ganglia synapses. A. Sensory. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? C) opening of voltage-regulated channels a. Mitochondria in a neuron would no longer function. C) neurotransmitter b. increasing glial scarring. d. the person has a history of drug abuse. a. Oligodendrocytes Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons. c. it increases flow to highly active neurons. a. increase the activity of reactive astrocytes. Potentials that are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized are called ________ potentials. B) voltage-gated channel B They have extreme longevity. First, consider an object with an initial position x0x_0x0, an initial velocity v0v_0v0, and an acceleration aaa. 77. An inhibitory intracellular matrix releases neurotrophins to impair axon re-growth. Which of the following are the cells of nervous tissue? Which type of neurons are used to convey the special senses of sight? The part of a neuron that sends neurotransmitters into a synapse is called a(n): 6. c. reduced oxygen delivery to cells. True or False, Unipolar neurons have axons structurally divided into peripheral and central processes. The axon c. The dendrites d. The Nissl bodies. Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials? Why does injection of a local anesthetic into a finger still cause a loss of the sensation of touch from the finger? The importance of a stimulus is derived from the number of stimuli received from the same source. The CNS contains about 100 billion neurons, on the periphery - about 25 million.<br><br>The neuron is covered by a membrane that forms a closed space . True or False, The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is involuntary. taking the substance. Saltatory propagation occurs in _________ axons, in which action potentials _________. B) the Na ions have been pumped back into the cell 80. b. forebrain. c. hippocampus. channels open Influx of Na+ AP regenerated in A) innervation of smooth muscle of the digestive tract B) innervation of cardiac muscle C) innervation of skeletal muscle D . d. ribosome transcription. 49. What are the possible responses? I was doing so well." B) muscle contraction would occur Enkephalins and endorphins are peptides that act like morphine. B) analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e . d. proteins. A researcher found that a drug increased heart rate. b) Myelin prevents conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. Which of the following would be most likely to increase heart rate? (b) They have extreme longevity. A) An excitatory postsynaptic potential occurs if the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory effect but less than threshold.
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